Children clothing optional skills

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unisex newborn baby clothes – China Manufacturer
Thank you for inquiry my unisex newborn baby clothes, Tel: 0086-371-65729960, E-mail: successfulstar@vip.sina.com
http://www.china-babyclothes.com/key-unisex-newborn-baby-boys-clothes-8/

Choice than adult clothes for children clothing, adult rough skin and flesh a little, no matter what material clothes to wear. But the baby s skin is very tender, very tolerance had an allergic reaction, therefore, parents in the selection of baby clothes, you had better carefully. Baby clothes, how to select? The following children s clothing to join Network (www.kidsnet.cn) Xiaobian to provide you with some tips how to choose the infant clothing:
The selection of baby clothes the most basic principle, which is cool, soft and comfortable. Let the baby to wear to feel very relaxed, very breathable, summer clothes can be as spacious as possible, the winter clothes to be warm enough. The mall inside the baby s clothes, style repeated and varied material. The newborn baby is the best choice for the style is simple, very wide cuffs and collars of clothes. Very inconvenient to wear off when the cuff is too small for the baby and the baby grow faster, and soon will not be wearing an unnecessary waste. Baby clothes to buy a bigger size, let your baby wear three months, a quarter of the past, these clothes will be no use.

Material, of course, the best cotton, cotton colorless clothes on the baby s skin damage is minimal, and cotton clothes and comfortable. But now, inside the mall marked with cotton clothes is not cotton, parents should be carefully identified, have the ingredient list of regular factory production of clothes, baby clothes at least 90% cotton. If there is no ingredient list, it is best not to buy.

Worship of the ideology of the goods is particularly serious, always felt that clothes labeled in English is good, foreign clothing is not necessarily more secure, because most of the foreign brands, clothing not manufactured abroad produced, production technology and manufacturers in China, only registered companies and designers come from foreign countries. And China still has a lot near the famous brand, knockoff, clothing brand is all in English, but it is an out-and-out Chinese goods.

Also note that the time to buy baby clothes that is close to the inside of your baby s skin is not exposed pins, do not have too much thread. Sometimes parents will see the baby s skin is inexplicably red, chances are these pins thread to blame. The newborn baby is no need to use gloves baby fingers activities, even if it is winter, the baby s hand where the sleeve there is also enough.

Choice for baby clothes, their style, materials, texture is very important. In general, when the baby is born will need some clothing: gauze underwear (short), cotton belly clothing (long), cardigan, cardigan underwear side, cloak, robe, rabbits fitted out clothes, cotton trousers, cotton shorts These clothes should be as much as possible to cotton clothing, the color of his clothes do not have too many colors, because the pigments can irritate baby s skin. Wool clothes to wear underwear outside, to avoid causing skin allergies; hedging neckline of her dress is required to be relaxed, and easy to wear off. The clothing is also in accordance with the different seasons, timely with thick, thin, long and short dress.

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Jiangxi 315 network coverage

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diffuser ceiling – China Manufacturer
Thank you for inquiry my diffuser ceiling, Tel: +86-512-68188280, Email: factory@found-hvac.com
http://www.foundation-hvac.com/key-ceiling-air-diffusers-670/

According to the the Jiangxi 3.15 news report, consumers Mr. Dai complaint: "May 2006 I spent two thousand dollars 40,000 to buy Haier central air conditioning, cooling not heating the maximum temperature of 8 degrees within six months, after more than six months of negotiations so far procrastination not to solve the problem, the product warranty period of two years, sale of products within six months of serious quality problems, Haier headquarters to respond to apathy, to shirk its responsibility to the Ministry of Jiangxi aftermarket, Jiangxi aftermarket Liu not only do not do maintenance. viciously threatened: "Haier you afford to offend you? If you dare to bring complaints to your home air conditioning should we shatter! "Haier" King incident, "common in the community, causing indignation. So I complaint to Jiangxi TV rights television program group reiterated its request to 3.15 site can also hear our grievance redress for our consumers call the shots state-owned Haier fair to show people, so that social harmony and people sincerely patriotic goods and want to be able to produce qualified products in Haier, can not produce qualified products at least to provide maintenance services, not only throwing money at advertising, sellers get money! on since the majority of consumers hold up to a brand name!

China s Haier is the world famous, but the poor from the indifferent attitude Haier Corporation in the event of the complaint and local after-sales staff and even the threat of rogue habits, which can embody the brand in the world of human services. People often say: buy Haier is not because of its quality, but the value of its services. I dare to ask: Haier, you now what is left? "

 

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GPRS network remote monitoring systems of parameters of the distribution transformer

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Transformers High voltage – China Manufacturer
Thank you for inquiry my Transformers High voltage, TEL: 0086-577-62767791, E-mail: frank@chinesetransformer.com
http://www.chinesetransformer.com/key-high-voltage-power-transformers-11/

The description is based on the gsm network gprs network communication technology to achieve the transformer load monitoring system, remote monitoring of the transformer parameters through gprs network. The system has to facilitate building a network, without wiring, and almost without geographic restriction, less one-time investment, day-to-day running costs low. remote monitoring of the modem microcontroller system with the wireless communication technology continues to improve at command set, the mobile operators to provide wireless networks with the grid data acquisition and control scada, is an important development direction of the modernization of power system. Gsm network communication technology has matured, wide coverage, gsm wireless communications to achieve real-time acquisition of the transformer parameters, is undoubtedly the maximum use of existing resources. Most important thing is that the gsm network is cast control system by the mobile operator, you can save tens of billions of dollars of wire materials and labor costs, to achieve the purpose of environmental protection, energy saving, resources shared, and eliminates the daily changes of the network and maintenance work to maximize the savings investment. Whenever and wherever, as long as there is a computer and telephone lines with Internet access can be achieved around the transformer to monitor; if equipped with gprs (general packet the radio the service, General Packet Radio Service) wireless modem, so that to achieve, can be achieved with mobile monitoring. This system uses a combination of methods based on the gprs network communication technology and network microprocessor technology, to solve the problem of remote transfer of the transformer parameters to achieve a timely alarm, real-time data acquisition and real-time load monitoring function. Its significance lies: to optimize the distribution network run by monitoring the condition of transformers; failure or abnormal operation, the police immediately, timely restoration of normal power supply, reduce outage time, to ensure the safe operation of the transformer; record the voltage limit calculation voltage qualification rate, and thus the reasonable control of the level and to improve the quality of power supply. A system architecture of the system by the acquisition site transformer three-phase power parameters, the three major parts of the host computer software the gprs communications network and monitoring center. Transformer three-phase power parameters collection installed in the transformer site, the electrical parameters of the transformer secondary side voltage transformer (pt) and current transformer (ct) Acquisition and Monitoring; the same time, analysis of records collected data supply local query and abnormal events in the transformer three-phase power parameters take the initiative to upload the alarm information. gprs communication network for data transmission between the Monitoring Centre and on-site transformer, a bridge-site transformer parameters can sent to the monitoring center in the main computer via gprs network; Monitoring Center software on the one hand two-way communication through the gprs network and on-site monitoring the other hand, provide users with a visual interface, allowing users to stay at home to learn the real-time operating conditions of the distant transformer. Corresponds to the monitoring center computer must use gprs wireless modem dial-up gprs network, before remote communication with the on-site monitoring and on-site gprs wireless modem. The system structure shown in Figure 1.

Transformer three-phase power parameters collection includes two parts. First, the power parameter acquisition module, real-time acquisition of the transformer three-phase electrical parameters; storage of historical data, so that the monitoring center to understand the transformers and other electrical parameters of voltage, current, power quality, you can query historical data through a pre-set command acquisition, and analysis of the formation of the curve through the monitoring center software statements. Second, intelligent monitoring and gprs communication management module. The module acquisition module for monitoring and analysis of real-time parameter sent, if the voltage and current overrun or power-off calls, start gprs communication module of the monitoring center sends an alarm message; when the PC software initiates the communication request, but also responsible for the handshake and the establishment of communication links. Monitoring Center software provides users with a visual monitoring interface. The monitoring interface using multi-level electronic map in the form of intuitive and convenient, allowing users to quickly understand the status of the operation of the transformer. Through this interface, users can discover the transformer failures. For example, a transformer a phase voltage is too large, the electronic map of the transformer at the flashing bright spot, suggesting that users of the transformer of police intelligence, and accompanied by an audible alarm. Users can click on the transformer icon at the view alarm details; at the same time, the user query history database can be retrieved on the curve of the history of running state of the transformer, in order to predict the load of the transformer. 2 system hardware 2.1 The overall structure of the transformer parameters remote monitor to the SCM system, with the power to the remote collection of functional modules and gprs modem communication module to solve the problem of the remote transfer of the transformer parameters, to achieve timely alarm, real-time data acquisition and real-time monitoring function. The hardware structure shown in Figure 2. SCM system uses a master-slave structure, acquisition main processor w78e58b through the serial port and is responsible for three-phase power parameters from the processor 80c196 communicate. Communication data frame using modbus protocol data frame format. To prevent gprs wireless communications interference caused by all of the data frame after two bytes are the crc-16 checksum. The main processor from time to time sent from the processor 80c196 transformer real-time parameters, including the three-phase voltage, phase current, active power, reactive power, power factor, the total active power, total reactive energy, frequency, real-time . At the same time, the SCM system is also responsible for the analysis of the operational status of the transformer and for the record, the measured value is constantly compared with the latest records method, voltage, current day maximum and minimum records; measured value and the pre-set a good alarm threshold real-time comparison, if more limited alarm recording, the host processor through the control of gprs modem initiative to issue a communication request to the management center, management center response then send the data. Management center to the crc-16 checksum of the received data packet unpacked, issued after obtaining the correct data, the number of received completed the instructions, the end of the SCM system communications, the release of resources, while the main processor to send the alarm SMS to the pre-set phone . 2.2 single-chip microcontroller system design SCM is the most basic, the most common peripheral circuit design, such as the clock circuit, reset circuit, ram expansion circuit. The system hardware to w78e58b monolithic as the core clock chip ds12887 constitute a clock circuit x25045 constitute the program is running watchdog timer circuit, a serial port for system expansion to the uart 16c550 to save historical data constitute a large-capacity memory chips 628 128 circuit to cpld epm7032 constitute the coordination of system interface device control circuit and indicator driver circuit. In this way, constitute a set of system self-diagnostics, clock function, mass storage, dual serial port communication function. The monitor is the system as the center, tie circuit remote acquisition module and a wireless modem to complete the collection and communication features. Due to power remote acquisition module, the wireless modem provides serial communication interface, the system must have two serial ports, while the microcontroller is only one serial port (rx and tx), so a Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter ( the uart) parallel port will be converted into the serial port for control and drive gsm module. As the transformer parameters recorded with time information, so the clock chip to the system clock the 89c52 per second from the clock chip to get the latest time, so that the system time. With time, the system is very convenient time calibration routine records of the transformer. In order to monitor which stores a few days and even month history, there must be large-capacity ram. 128kb ram to complete this feature, the system used to make history in the store a week s record 10min / sampling frequency. Above the uart clock chip and ram through the data bus (p0 port) for data transmission, time-sharing multiplexing, and are therefore required to coordinate their work. Cpld logic decoding to generate the chip select signal to solve this problem, so that they share the data bus and address bus. 2.3 gprs modem drivers and control of the system, gprs network for remote transmission of historical data, real-time data and alarm information, and short message service to send alarm information to the dispatchers on the phone as a supplement. This feature is the wireless modem. Gprs modem drivers and control using the at command set. hayes company established at the command set is the most popular and widely supported command set the modem most of the manufacturers can perform this hayes command set, including an ordinary modem and wireless the modem. at command set by a specific command prefix "a" command marks the end of the end. The command prefix is ​​usually at two character combinations, it is the abbreviation of the attention, which means "draw attention", so we call the modem commands at command. Command marks the end of a single character, its value is stored in the register s3, usually a carriage return <cr>.

Figure 2 Hardware structure diagram

In order to achieve the purpose of data communication, we must master how to set up and removal of the communication link, how to auto-answer data calls. Here are commonly used at command. ① atdxxxx. This command allows the modem to immediately enter the state of the hook, and allocated the next number (dial string) to establish a connection. The dial string dial modifier and phone number. Dial modifier is used to indicate the operation of the modem when the dial-up and how to dial. Such as dial modifier t, p, respectively, modem dial-in audio mode and pulse mode. It is worth mentioning is the dial modifier "," since the role of delay in processing the next character. The modifier is particularly useful occasion to dial an outside line. Such as police, government organs, enterprises should dial the local telephone or long distance telephone, we must first dial "9" (or "0"), the use of the following at command: atd9, 8888888 <cr> (8888888 to be dialing a phone number). ② The ats0 = r. The command and control response mode: automatic or manual, r = 0, manual response; r ≠ 0, that in the ring r after the modem automatically hook and trying to connect. The r values ​​range from 1 to 255. Manually answer every time the phone rang, the modem returns the ring result code, but does not answer the call (unless you perform the the ata instructions). (3) + + +. This command allows the modem to switch to online command state from online data state. It is an escape sequence (escape sequence), not ordinary at command, and thus without a preceding at the back not with the carriage return. Issued + + + command before and after the pause time by s12 register custom (known as the guarantee time, the default 1s), in order to ensure that the modem receives this command; Otherwise, + + + will be treated as ordinary data processing. This command does not hang up the line but the modem into the command state, ie, online command state. ④ athn. The command is executed on-hook operation. Online command state, use this command to force the modem to hang up the removal of the communication link. n = 0, hang up, and modem in the command state; n = 1, the hook. In particular, gprs modem is only compatible with the standard hayes at command set, but applications in gprs, gprs the modem right at the instruction set expansion. Siemens mc35 module, for example, its dial-up instructions atdt991 #; access gprs status instruction at + cgdata = ppp. 3 System Software 3.1 modular design of monitoring software uses a modular design method, written in assembly language. Can be divided by function: initialize the device module, enter the gprs network module, real-time measurement modules to remote communication between the acquisition module for real-time parameters (electricity), historical data recording module and gprs remote communication module. gprs remote communication modules, including call management center to establish a communication link module, send conventional recording sub-module, sending one days maximum and minimum recording sub-module, sending more alarm record submodule, send blackout alarm recording sub-module and the command word analysis of sub- module. Command word analysis module is responsible for real-time analysis gprs modem sent from the command character, and to determine how to respond to the request of the monitoring center to give the corresponding response message. Communication between each module associated parameters. 3.2 gprs network communication gprs transition to third generation mobile communication (3g) as a second-generation mobile communication technology gsm technology, proposed in 1993 by the British bt cellnet gsm phase2 + (1997) specification to achieve the The content is based on gsm mobile packet data services. It is designed for users with mobile packet ip x.25 connection. gprs dial-up Internet access, Mobile ggsn allocation of mobile phone module a ip address (static or dynamic, public or private), China Mobile provided a dynamic ip. In order to improve the reliability and stability of data transmission, we can apply for the apn services. Mobile Mobile can access user vpn (x Virtual Private Network), and the mobile sim card to provide a binding network ip for each apn customers. Guangzhou, for example: the apn service application, you can apply for access gztest01 test network, and Guangzhou Mobile s network within the ip, it is a fixed the ip 10.101.xx segment. In this way, the system of all data are transmitted in the network gztest01 test. The system management center with a gprs modem to access the gprs network. In fact, gztest01 test network can be understood as a large-scale wireless gprs LAN, wireless LAN end-user to each gprs is a dynamic ip address, when gprs data collection terminals want to achieve point-to-point data transmission, we must know each other a dynamic IP address assigned to. To solve this problem, the management center using the ip binding network sim card dial-up, all the data acquisition module dial-up Internet access must first register to the management center. Long as the registration after the two sides in order to establish communication. Since the entire data transmission is transmitted on the gprs network to establish the vpn, real-time system and security are guaranteed. Since the establishment of the communication link is based on the TCP / IP, gprs wireless modem drivers so, our collection terminal processor must also carry the tcp / ip protocol stack. We chose the company s sx52bd, 8 of a high-speed microcontroller. This chip supports online programming (ISPs) function, you can easily modify and download cpu procedures. This microcontroller with its excellent performance, can be widely used the occasion requires network support, especially for network remote control or remote monitoring applications. The network protocol (ip, arp, udp, tcp) This chip tcp / ip protocol stack. 4 Conclusion and outlook gprs network remote data communication method to solve the problem of remote monitoring system communication, has incomparable advantages compared to other wired communication. Used in wireless mode, the security of data transmission has been greatly improved. Of course, everything is a good foundation. The implementation of this method is also still some shortcomings, such as gprs means of communication compared to the reliability and timeliness of csd (circuit dialing) means of communication to be improved. However, with the gprs network gradually complete and application of technology continues to mature, gprs application in other industrial areas will be more broad.

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LED fluorescent lights with traditional fluorescent advantage (the)

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commercial led lighting – China Manufacturer
Thank you for inquiry my commercial led lighting, Tel:+86-574-87641051 E-MAIL:sales@everlightings.com
http://www.everlites.com/key-commercial-led-lighting-4/

    Professional production of LED lamps, LED guardrail tube, LED Wall Washer, LED floodlights, LED underwater lights, LED lamps,

Shandong Jinan Hua Qingguang above explain some of the advantages of LED fluorescent than traditional fluorescent, and therefore

this article, Huaqing Guang electricity will continue to introduce the performance advantages of LED fluorescent lamp to provide a

reference for consumer purchase.

    First, LED fluorescent lamps are highly efficient conversion, less heat, traditional fluorescent luminous heat, LED

fluorescent lamp is energy converted to light, will not cause waste of energy, and it does not produce documents, clothing and

other bleaching phenomenon.

    Secondly, LED fluorescent lamp does not produce ultraviolet light, infrared radiation, do not contain mercury and other

harmful substances, less heat. Not like the traditional lighting, as a lot of mosquitoes around the light source side, so the room

will become a cleaner clean and tidy.

    Once again, LED fluorescent lamp is AC directly converted to direct current, soft lighting, no flash, can effectively protect

the eyes, the traditional fluorescent lamp is AC, so per second will produce 100-120 times the strobe is detrimental to eye

health.

    In addition, LED fluorescent lamp body is epoxy resin rather than traditional glass, so sturdy solid, you can rest assured

that use.

    Therefore, the advantages of LED fluorescent and fluorescent compared very prominent, along with economic development and

people\\ s lives, the concept of change, LED fluorescent lamp is bound to become the new trend of development of general lighting,

the prospect of unlimited development.

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The principle of the hydraulic control valves and selection of Note

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sintering technology – China Manufacturer
Thank you for inquiry my sintering technology, Tel: +86 371 6091 6560E-MAIL:henantaineng@yahoo.cn
http://www.metallurgyvalve.com/key-sintering-technology-109/

    The principle of the hydraulic control valve is introduced:

    Hydraulic control valve is controlled by hydraulic valves, which consists of a main valve attached to the catheter, the pilot

valve, needle valve, ball valve and pressure gauge such as composition, can evolve into a remote control float valve, pressure

reducing valves, slow closing check valves, flow control valves, pressure relief valve, hydraulic motor control valve and so on.

    Hydraulic control valve sub-diaphragm and piston two types of work on the same principle, are more than the downstream

pressure difference △ P as a driving force, controlled by the pilot valve diaphragm (piston) hydraulic differential operation,

fully automatic adjustment by hydraulic, which the main valve disk to fully open or fully closed or is in regulation. Into the

diaphragm (piston) the pressure of the control room at the top of the electric V type ball valve water is discharged to the

atmosphere or downstream area of ​​low pressure, the role of the bottom of the valve plate and the diaphragm below the pressure

value is greater than the top of the pressure value, so the main valve valve plate pushed to the fully open position; when the

diaphragm (piston) above the control room pressure water can not be discharged to the atmosphere or downstream area of ​​low

pressure, the value of the role of pressure in the top of the diaphragm (piston) than the bottom of the pressure value, so the

main valve disk down to the completely closed position of the track style ball valve; when the value of the pressure of the

diaphragm (piston) above the control room in the middle of the inlet pressure and outlet pressure, the main valve disk in the

regulating state, the adjustment position depends on the joint control of the needle valve in the conduit system and adjustable

pilot valve. Adjustable pilot valve downstream of the outlet pressure and with changes to open the mouth or off a small small

valve, thereby changing the pressure values ​​above the control room of the diaphragm (piston), adjust the position of the valve

disk of the controlling party.

    The hydraulic control valve selection and precautions:

    The use of hydraulic control valves, first pay attention to the selection. Improper selection can cause blocking water and air

leaks. The selection of the hydraulic control valve, the steam consumption per hour by the equipment must be multiplied by the

selected magnification 2-3 times for maximum condensation of water to the hydraulic control valve displacement. In order to ensure

that the hydraulic control valve in the car as soon as possible discharge condensate, rapidly increase the temperature of the

heating equipment. The hydraulic control valve emission energy is not enough, will cause the condensate can not be discharged,

reducing the thermal efficiency of heating equipment.

The selection of the hydraulic control valve, you can not choose the hydraulic control valve to the nominal pressure, nominal

pressure can only be said hydraulic control valve body shell to withstand the pressure levels, the hydraulic control valve nominal

pressure and the pressure difference. Therefore, according to the working pressure to choose a displacement of the hydraulic

control valve. Working pressure is the pressure minus in front of the hydraulic control valve hydraulic control valve back

pressure difference. Select the hydraulic control valve requires accurate gas drainage resistance, high sensitivity, can improve

the utilization of steam is not leaking steam, reliable performance, high back pressure, long life, easy maintenance is the

preferred conditions.

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PV companies are looking to the spring after the bubble

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Manufacturer Of Transformer – China Manufacturer
Thank you for inquiry my Manufacturer Of Transformer, TEL: 0086-577-62767791, E-mail: frank@chinesetransformer.com
http://www.chinesetransformer.com/

In 2011, the global photovoltaic industry suffered a significant slowdown in the crisis, the outside world in the eyes, the domestic photovoltaic industry have cast a shadow. Profile picture

Foshan is in the domestic PV origin, after the past three years through the introduction of the project gradually formed industry. 2011, the economic downturn of the European debt crisis led to the international market, the global photovoltaic industry suffered a significant slowdown in the crisis. Early last month, the U.S. International Trade Commission ruled that caused damage of crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells and modules imported from China to the United States related industries, leaving the outside world in the eyes of the domestic photovoltaic industry has cast a shadow.

However, the industry view, the domestic photovoltaic industry, there has been overcapacity and other internal problems, Europe s debt crisis has only accelerated the crisis. PV companies most important thing is practicing internal strength, to improve the management level and technology continue to control and reduce costs, waiting for the foam was squeezed out opportunities for development. "The largest crystalline silicon solar cell companies in Foshan Guangdong love Kang solar the person in charge told reporters.

Opportunities after the crisis, in addition to U.S. and European markets after the re-shuffling, the huge potential market for photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic enterprises jointly coveted, but not really open to a huge blue ocean.

Fluctuations in overseas markets caused the industry reshuffle

2011 the world s major PV market demand was weak, the domestic photovoltaic industry has shown a decline in exports, the trend of falling prices. Foshan Guangcheng Aluminum is the one to take into account the traditional production of photovoltaic aluminum aluminum, Lin, general manager, told this reporter, the final product of the enterprise consumer market in Europe and Japan, the European market last year, demand dropped, resulting in the enterprise production and sales of photovoltaic profiles a certain level of decline, especially in the second half of last year.

This enterprise is located in Sanshui District, Foshan PV companies gathering place. The reporter responsible for the PV Merchants staff Huang Hanting provide the information see from the Sanshui Industrial Park As of December 2011, 16 major PV companies in Sanshui, of which 10 have been completed, six in the under construction phase ; has been put into the factory s main products include silicon abrasive grit, polycrystalline silicon cells, photovoltaic inverter, solar bracket, aluminum frame, components and so on.

CCID Consulting Co., Ltd. Industry Research Center senior analyst Zhu Weihua, compared with the "grown" ceramics, household appliances, photovoltaic in Foshan is still a relatively young, immature industry: not only the production of small enterprises, and little production value of the total . This year, however, the global PV market into the doldrums, PV enterprises in Foshan not from the big environmental impact.

In addition to the shrinking of the European market, the United States also came the bad news. Early last month, the U.S. International Trade Commission ruled that caused damage of crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells and modules imported from China to the U.S. industry, which anti-dumping and countervailing investigations cleared the way for such products to the U.S. Department of Commerce. The only crystalline silicon solar cell companies in Sanshui, Guangdong Icahn relevant person in charge told the reporter, Elken products are mainly sold to the domestic component plants, plant products of these components is about 7% exported to Europe, the remaining are mainly sold to the domestic impact.

But not all companies are treated as such. "Although the United States is not our key markets, but its PV profile of demand for space has been relatively optimistic, so the dual Chinese products may result in loss of an important potential market." Lin said.

In fact, the domestic photovoltaic industry, there has been overcapacity and other internal problems, the debt crisis in Europe, the U.S. "double reverse" only accelerated the crisis.

"In the long run, the price of PV products decline is the trend, the only way to achieve parity as soon as possible, so that people can afford to clean solar power, while Europe-prime crisis has only accelerated this process is now the most important PV companies is practicing internal strength, enhance the level of management and technology, continue to control and reduce costs, waiting for the foam was squeezed out opportunities for development. "of Elken the person in charge of Guangdong, told reporters.

PV modules this year, prices of the possibility of not

The market center of gravity is generally out after the 2011 debt crisis in Europe, the domestic photovoltaic enterprises, the overall sales of ups and downs of the important reasons. Guangdong Icahn, a person in charge, began in March 2011, many PV companies orders fell to the third quarter is the most serious, and into the fourth quarter, sales are significantly improved.

The official said that the improvement is mainly because of the start of the domestic PV applications market to a certain extent compensate for the impact of decline in the international market, with the deepening of the process of the industry reshuffle, the market stabilized.

There are a few markets to European-based enterprises, sales last year, more optimistic, located in Sanshui, Guangdong Phyllis is one of them. The company is mainly engaged in the production and sale of PV modules, the current market, primarily in Africa, the company s CEO Ran Qinming, 2011 Phyllis annual sales amounted to 1.5 billion, a 30 percent increase over last year; and 2012 market pioneering focus will be mainly China and Southeast Asia, South America.

Last year, many labor-intensive industries subject to huge fluctuations in the cost of PV companies in this regard with its different. Sanshui a photovoltaic company official said on condition of anonymity, many different aspects of the photovoltaic industry is capital-and technology-intensive, enterprises are faced with last year s financing costs rising faster, while the fluctuations in the cost of human resources is relatively not obvious.

But on the other hand, unlike many traditional industries, the cost of photovoltaic products and the unit price there has been a downward trend. And for comparison in 2010, the unit price trend in 2011 was significantly decreased, Ran Qinming introduced, to Phyllis PV modules, for example, in 2010 prices, about 13-18 $ / W; and June 2011 before the price is about 12 yuan / W, to the present price of about 7 yuan / W.

He predicted that the 2012 PV module prices and costs will not rise, but will continue to decline slightly, but the decline in space is limited; its main elements from the solar cell production technology and process improvement. Coupled with the comprehensive market reasons, product price increases this year is unlikely.

Part of the photovoltaic devices is still high profit margins

PV industry chain compared to solar cell manufacturing sector declining profit margins, in fact there are a larger profit margins link. The new l is located in Sanshui, electrical industry, this is a production of transformer enterprises, large to 22 kV power transformers, small LED in the drive, both in their product line. In 2007, the new l electrical branch Tebian, specializing in the field of photovoltaic transformers in recent years, the photovoltaic field is increasingly becoming the company s strategic focus.

Need to access solar power inverter, the direct current into alternating current transformer is the core component of the inverter. It is reported that in the case of solar panels and components, constantly driving down profit margins this year, the transformer for PV remains about 40% of the profit margin.

Why the production of transformers can maintain such a high profit margins? The new l electrical, vice president of Sun Shimin said that compared to the production of more mature technology of solar cells for photovoltaic equipment, transformer, and a very high demand in the production technologies and processes, the ability to produce in the domestic enterprises are not and more.

Addition, the products produced by Chinese companies in the electrical energy conversion rate, and abroad there is a certain gap. The price of the domestic photovoltaic transformer generally only imported 60%.

But even at this price standard, companies are still able to maintain higher profit margins. In fact, the new l electrical production of many types of transformer, the transformer for the field of photovoltaic is the highest profit margin species, other types of transformers, profit margins are generally only about 10%.

Under the background of the current energy shortage, a huge gap, the domestic photovoltaic applications market will have a lot of space. Huge market prospects for application-oriented side of the business, the inverter industry, the country s most successful enterprises sun power company, and its production accounts for only the world s photovoltaic inverter small share of its main sales channels for the domestic photovoltaic power plant construction enterprises. "Sanshui Industrial Park Huang Hanting said, under the influence of national policy, the market prospects of such products will be enormous.

■ 2012 Keywords

Applications "Blue Ocean"

"The domestic market for PV applications, once started, the photovoltaic industry will usher in a very bright future." New l electrical Sun Shimin said he is very optimistic about the future of the photovoltaic industry, the reason is that China s vast market.

To him, the photovoltaic power generation has long been gaining in popularity in Europe and America, are filled with many factories in Europe and the United States, the family on the roof solar power installation, use up electricity can also be connected to the grid. But in China, the photovoltaic power generation is still relatively rare.

To promote technological progress and scale of development of the photovoltaic industry in China since 2009 Golden Sun demonstration project, photovoltaic power generation project in Sanshui, Foshan Vocational Institute of Technology to apply to the "Golden Sun" subsidies. In addition, each province also introduced the photovoltaic electricity subsidy policy. Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong and other provinces have introduced the Internet subsidy policies to encourage local enterprises to use photovoltaic power generation of this clean energy.

Sun Shimin said, in 2010, new electrical industry with annual sales of 400 million in the PV is expected to reach more than 3000 million in 2011, an increase of more than six times the expected Sun Shimin, 2012 liters of electrical to grow more than six times. At present, the amount of sales of photovoltaic transformers account for only a small part of the company as a whole, but the PV equipment has become the strategic direction for the future development of the company, the proportion of the company in the future will be greatly increased.

Phyllis solar CEO Ran Qin also said the domestic market is the world s largest market, harbor great confidence in its prospects for the company in Sichuan, Anhui, Guangdong has begun a solar photovoltaic project .

■ view clash

Pressure will lead to

Consolidation in the industry intensified

CCID Consulting Co., Ltd. Industry Research Center

Senior analyst Zhu Weihua:

2012 continuation of the decline due to the debt crisis in Europe and subsidies, it is expected that the entire industry is still faced with greater pressure, this pressure will further promote the sound development of the processes and technologies, and lead to industry consolidation will exacerbate, company closures and restructuring will continue for. Whether it is technological progress, or industry consolidation will result in the cost of photovoltaic power generation to further reduce the 2012 PV product prices is expected to decline by about 30%.

Investment, subject to the impact of national and local policies, expected 2012 domestic PV sector investment will remain steady growth, especially quickly to strengthen investment in the application side. Foreign trade barriers, China s PV companies will step up overseas investment, and international levels will be enhanced. Market, with changes in national policies, subsidies and battery module prices, the global photovoltaic market is to shift from Europe to the Asia-Pacific region. With the "12" photovoltaic power generation targets finalized, the domestic photovoltaic market will grow at more than 100% growth rate.

Overall, the Foshan PV companies in 2012 the face of the overall situation will be better than 2011.

The environment or

Better than 2011

Everbright Environmental Protection Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Deputy General Manager Chen Mei Park:

The ultimate goal of solar photovoltaic power generation applications, a clean low-carbon energy. In the interview process in this article, almost all PV companies have a strong confidence and expectations on the domestic market. The reason is that in Germany, Italy and other European countries, has formed a commercialization of the photovoltaic power generation mode, the domestic PV applications has yet to fully open up the situation. Chinese PV industry is huge, but the terminal sales and applications in foreign countries, and this is the Achilles heel of the domestic photovoltaic industry s most criticized, but also the industry to withstand a variety of storm main reason for poor

Guangdong itself has a rich resource of sunlight, is also facing a huge energy saving and power shortage pressure, the PV market can be imagined. This year, Foshan PV entrepreneurs has been suggested that the Government may consider to set up a demonstration area encourage the application of PV early and pilot implementation in the PRD, to train a group of related industries, and to explore viable alternative. Trough in the photovoltaic industry, this is undoubtedly a long-term impact of initiatives.

Reporter observed

Foshan should be encouraged to promote the

Photovoltaic applications

The Foshan photovoltaic industry will not be out of the climate of the industry. The domestic front, the photovoltaic power generation capacity of 2012 is expected to reach even more than 3GW. Abroad by the macroeconomic environment, in 2012, there are large as the possibility of hard to say, but in general will be better than last year, so the PV manufacturing companies will have a better environment than in 2011, but increase quality products, lower manufacturing costs is the eternal theme, to fish in troubled waters.

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introduced the difference as well as selection of the cut-off valve and gate valve

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  The gate valve opening and closing the gate, the gate\\ s direction of motion perpendicular to the fluid direction, the gate valve can only be fully open and fully closed, is not suitable for scaling and throttling. Gate two sealing surface, the most commonly used wedge gate valve sealing surface formed two wedge-shaped wedge angle with the valve parameters, usually 5o. Wedge gate valve can be made into a whole, called the rigid damper; trace deformation of the gate can also be made to improve their craft, to make up for the sealing surface angle deviation in the process, this The gate is called the elastic damper.
Valve closed, the sealing surface can only rely on media pressure to seal, that is, the medium pressure to the sealing surface of the ram pressure to the other side of the seat to ensure the sealing surface of the seal, which is self-sealing. Most of the valve is sealed by force, the valve is closed, we have to rely on external force to the ram pressure to the valve seat to ensure that the sealing surface of the seal. Play the role of industry websites, to promote the industry notice
Valve has the following advantages:
A small fluid resistance, the sealing surface by scouring and erosion of the media.
(2) open and close more effort.
3 medium flows unrestricted, non-spoiler, not reduce the pressure.
Form simple, short length of the structure, good manufacturing processes for a wide range.
Nominal pressure or the pressure levels: PN1.0-16.0MPa, the ANSI the CLASS 150-300LB JIS10-20K
Nominal diameter or caliber: DN10 ~ 1000, the NPS 1/2 to 36
Connection: flange, butt welding, threaded
Applicable temperature: -196 ℃ ~ 700 ℃
Drive mode: Manual, bevel gear, pneumatic, electric, hydraulic, Pneumatic, electro-hydraulic linkage
Body Material: WCB, ZG1Cr18Ni9Ti, ZG1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, CF8 (304), CF3 (304L), CF8M (316), CF3M (316L), Ti. Choice of different materials, can be separately applied to water, steam, oil, nitric acid, acetic acid, the oxidizing medium, urea and other media. Off valve is shut down parts (disc) moving the valve along the valve seat centerline. According to this mobile form of the valve, the seat through the mouth of the change is directly proportional relationship with the valve stroke. The type of the valve stem to open or close the trip is relatively short, but very reliable cut, due to changes in the valve seat openings and the valve stroke is proportional to the very suitable for flow regulation. Therefore, this type of valve is suitable as a cut or adjust the throttle use.
The selection principle is as follows:
1, high temperature, high pressure medium pipe or device should be selected cut-off valve. Fire power plants, nuclear power plants, petrochemical system temperature, high pressure pipeline.
Pipeline convection resistance to the strict requirements of the pipeline. Consider that the pressure loss is not the place.

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LED led outdoor lighting to create efficient gorgeous light show

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The amount of electricity in the United States, outdoor lighting accounts for about 4.4 percent of its total generating capacity. It is based on this

situation, the U.S. House of Representatives recently proposed a new bill to require the phasing out energy inefficient old technologies (such as

incandescent and halogen lamps), higher energy efficiency, more cost-effective lighting technologies (such as high brightness LED) and pave the way.

    On a global scale, to government agencies, industrial and commercial fields, to the general public are actively seeking effective ways to reduce

energy consumption. The first attempt on easily achievable goals, such as selecting the proper residential insulation materials, solar panels and energy

conservation. Now has a relatively sound legal requirement that we have to use energy-efficient white goods, adapters and chargers, consumer

electronics and office equipment. In recent years, with the declining cost of high brightness LED, people also began to accept the products, such as

standard household light bulbs before the re-assessment. In many countries (including USA, Germany, Britain, Ireland and Australia), the newly

established energy efficiency standards in law, would effectively ban incandescent lighting to continue to use.

    U.S. House of Representatives, California No. 36 constituency Members JaneHarman a speech on March 26, 2009, an outdoor lighting energy

efficiency bill, the bill plans to phase out standard light bulbs solve the problem of street lighting. Harman said: \"By improving the energy efficiency

achieved by the energy savings will be very striking. An authoritative industry organizations estimate that the formal implementation of this Act, and

ultimately will make the outdoor lighting energy use by more than 25% reduction in annual savings of over 60 billion dollars in electricity costs, a figure

equivalent to more than 50 coal-fired thermal power plant generating capacity. \"

    The new proposal received after the House of Representatives passed the first phase of the standard will be finalized in 2011, and subsequent

standards will be finalized in 2013 and 2015, respectively. By then, the U.S. Department of Energy will further improve the energy efficiency standards.

The bill also requires the brightness of outdoor lighting must be controlled, in order to facilitate the users to change their luminous, because people are

different in the evening and late at night and the brightness level. This feature is very important, because it would give cities, towns and other users of

their consumption level greater control over. The bill with reference to the outdoor lighting standards that California has implemented the relevant laws

and other state has already passed.

    LED lights first appeared on the streets goes back to the 1990s, then, the city authorities began to use the design of solid-state lighting to replace

incandescent traffic lights. And LED traffic lights in their street lighting systems in energy and maintenance savings, and many cities (including Michigan,

Ann Arbor) have carried out a wide range of LED street lamp test. In Ann Arbor, it is estimated that in installing LED street lights each year for the city

to save electricity costs more than $ 100,000 per year to reduce approximately 294 tons of greenhouse gas (CO2) emissions. These repeatable results

seem to indicate, the City Museum will soon be following the old incandescent traffic lights the high pressure sodium and high intensity discharge

(mercury vapor) street lamps, the installation of LED lights is a common phenomenon in North America, China and Europe.

    The main advantage of LED lighting systems is long life, LEDs can last 10-15 years, at least three times the service life of the traditional street lights.

Only in low-maintenance, LED foot can become a very attractive option. In addition, because the technical characteristics of the LED itself, able to

accurately control the desired amount of light, and to adjust the light direction through LED placement and optics optimization compared to previous

products, LED energy efficiency levels to be higher than 50 percent to 80 %. Moreover, LED lamps do not contain mercury, for an increasingly

environmentally conscious world, is undoubtedly one of the highlights.

    A further advantage is that LEDs can provide a very uniform light distribution, not only comply with current standards, but also the elimination of

bright spots and glare. This ensures that achieve good lighting effects, while reducing visual fatigue for drivers and passers-by, to do this and does not

produce any energy consumption.
LED work under low pressure and low temperature conditions, with the growth of the working time, they do not yellowing or brightness decreased.

With sodium lights, LED lights without time delay to achieve the best brightness, so that they can improve the lighting effects, with the Clinton Climate

Initiative (CCI), under the \"Outdoor Lighting Plan\" is currently in cooperation with the Los Angeles, will urban development in the history of the largest

LED street lighting renovation project in Los Angeles. CCI outdoor lighting plan to establish cooperation with a number of partner cities, through the

integration of technology, procurement and project support to improve the energy efficiency level of the street lamps and traffic lights system. Los

Angeles street lamps Authority plans to replace the city\\ s 140,000 street lamps in the next five years for the LED lights. RMON station directly to the

Authority will automatically report the situation of street light failure, thus shortening the lamp time to failure and to improve maintenance efficiency.

According to Administration estimates, within seven years of the plan implementation will be expected to save $ 48 million in electricity costs for the

city when and reduce the 197,000 tons of carbon emissions. Once you pay off investment loans (loans for downpayment will be borne by the current

energy and maintenance cost savings part), the street reconstruction project each year will save $ 10 million expenditure for the Los Angeles. This

huge project, not only will make the streets of Los Angeles has become more ablaze with lights and reduce electricity consumption and save expenses,

but will also reduce light pollution (also known as sky glow).
    Former U.S. President Bill? In February 16 this year, the CCI press release, Clinton said: \"If each city follow the example of Los Angeles, their street

light electricity consumption reduced by half, which is equivalent to an annual shut down at least 2.5 coal-fired power plant. \"Clinton went on to say:\"

We are doing you can also save taxpayers\\ money, but can also improve our night sky scenery.

    Domestic efforts to implement, Dongguan City, Dongguan, to be within three years, all road street lights to replace all the LED lights, Hainan is also

the road lighting within five years the use of the LED. \"Photoelectric Texstar in Yixing, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hefei , the Dongguang Zhangmutou etc.

installed LED lamps.

    According to statistics, the Ministry of Science and Technology The municipal LED plans leveraging the terminal market size of about 1 billion yuan;

plus the construction plan has been disclosed by the other provinces as Guangdong, Hainan, Xiamen, this year the domestic terminal market of

municipal LED capacity 50 billion.

    \"Planning\", Shenzhen LED industry development objectives are: the size of the LED industry in the annual production value of more than 28 billion

yuan in 2010 to 2015 the annual output value will reach 130 billion yuan.

    The core technology of short-legged disadvantage of this industrial development. Aforementioned Shenzhen Branch letter Bureau to remind high-

performance LED chips and the power LED chip is almost entirely rely on imports, this situation also exists in the field of high-brightness LED devices,

the resulting the constraints of the domestic LED industry.

    \"Planning\" to clear the LED industry and technology development will focus on the substrate, epitaxy and chip; package; applications; supporting

and equipment of four areas. Meanwhile, Shenzhen will be postponed to build research and development, resource sharing, achievements and

products trading four platforms, construction of LED industry park, the development of LED lighting products and extension of financial subsidies to

encourage units and individuals to choose energy-efficient LED products to promote LED industry and the market and grow together.

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tunnel lighting the preferred light source the electrodeless lamp

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The road tunnel lighting, traffic accidents in order to pass the necessary visual information to the driver, to prevent the lack of visual information in order to ensure traffic safety and improved comfort. In the past, China has been more low-grade highway, highway tunnels, grew up the tunnel more difficult to see, As for the lighting of the tunnel out of the question, the lack of in-depth study of the tunnel lighting. Highway tunnel to shorten the length of highways, improve transport efficiency, the use of underground space, and save the land and maintain the superiority of the ecological environment, road tunnel options that are widely used in highway construction, highway construction, development, highway tunnels growing number of projects . Increasing the scale and number of tunnel lighting facilities and tunnel operators are increasingly high electricity charges; tunnel lighting quality to keep up with the rapid development of highway construction, serious impact on traffic safety, tunnel traffic accidents are also increasing. Tunnel lighting to save energy, improve the lighting effects, to ensure traffic safety and comfort requirements to further improve the implementation of green lighting is imperative in a highway tunnel lighting.

The origin and definition of the \"green light\"

In the 1980s, with the rise of the tide of the global energy crisis and global environmental protection, environmental protection, energy conservation, the consensus of all mankind. In 1991, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to promote environmental protection first proposed the concept of green lighting project (GreenLightingProgram), at the same time promote green lighting scheme, and its goal is to improve the efficiency of lighting, reducing lighting electricity consumption. Subsequently, the international community in many countries recognize the importance of green lighting, have started the research and promotion of green lighting. China in October 1996, led by the State Economic and Trade Commission, launched the \"China Green Lights Project. The so-called \"green light\" refers to the science of lighting design, high efficiency, long life, safe and stable performance of electrical lighting products (including the light source, electrical accessories, lighting, wiring devices and dimming control devices, etc.), the final to achieve the completion of environmental protection, efficient, comfortable, safe, economic, environmentally sound and lighting systems to improve people\\ s learning and the quality of life.

Green lighting products should meet the following conditions

(1) High luminous efficiency, saving energy;

(2) long life, to save money;

(3) high lighting quality, comfort, and improve work efficiency;

(4) reduce the use of lighting products contain hazardous substances.

Implementation of the measures of the green lighting of road tunnels

1, the establishment of a sound tunnel green lighting standards

(1) the reality from the road tunnel lighting, to establish a scientific road tunnel lighting energy efficiency standards, emphasizing the lighting quality, the provisions of the tunnel to allow the maximum and minimum lighting power consumption standard and illumination standards.

(2) the establishment of a sound road tunnel lighting safety, technical quality standards, suitable for the Lighting Industry, energy-saving product certification model, to improve the certification program.

2, scientific tunnel lighting design

Road tunnel lighting has its particularity, it is different from ordinary road illumination. Not only need to consider in the design of the road should have a certain brightness level, but also consider the tunnel walls should be a certain brightness level; should also be further consideration of design speed, traffic, route alignment and other influencing factors, and driving comprehensive safety and comfort to determine the level of illumination, especially the tunnel entrance, the exit section, etc. need to consider the human visual adaptability. Tunnel during the day and also the need for lighting, and daytime lighting is more complex than the night.

According to the characteristics of highway tunnel lighting design should be the science of green lighting design, mainly in the following areas

(1) uniform surface brightness

When the surface brightness distribution was uneven, often affect the identification of obstacles, the human eye\\ s visual effects and visual fatigue will be significantly worse and aggravate.

(2) glare

The glare can easily make eye occurrence of spasm, endangering traffic safety. Tunnel lighting should be used to cut light type, special technical measures taken to eliminate the direct and reflected glare, the formation of diffuse reflection, the light is very soft into the human vision.

(3) according to high

Illumination is used to indicate the strength of the coating to be face to face, according to the place lumen area density. High illuminance, glare conditions appropriate to enable the tunnel to feel relaxed. Of course, in a highway tunnel lighting, but also out of the \"more light the better,\" Mistakes, too bright, not only can not be energy saving, but also very harsh, easily tired, seriously endanger traffic safety. The middle section of the tunnel entrance, over-segment, the export section of the illumination requirements are not the same. At the same time need to consider the environmental conditions of the tunnel, the design of civil engineering structures, ventilation, traffic conditions and other factors to determine the illumination level of the tunnel.

        China Green Lights program for the purpose of saving energy, reducing lighting costs and reduce pollution light, protecting the environment, improve lighting quality. Promotion, platinum Sundstrand production of energy-saving light mixing tunnel lights, energy-saving 50% -65% energy saving, environmental protection, reduce operating costs play a decisive role in its social and economic benefits have been impressive .

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In aluminum Guangxi gas waste heat recovery and utilization projects preliminary design reviews

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November 3, Guangxi Branch of China Aluminum gas furnace gas energy recovery project preliminary design by the expert review of the Aluminum Corporation of China organizations.

Aluminum Corporation of China Investment Management Department in conjunction with the Department of Business Management, Ministry of Finance and the Central China Aluminum International branch in Shenyang, China Aluminum Plains Branch unit consisting of experts to review groups, listened attentively to the initial project design reporting units report , and depth to the Guangxi branch of Aluminum Corporation of China thermal power plant gas furnace production site field trips. After questions and discussion, approved in principle the design of the preliminary design of the project program.

The project is the existing one, two, three works a total of 32 gas furnace waste heat recovery equipment, recovery of high temperature gas waste heat for energy-saving technological transformation, in order to take full advantage of the waste heat of gas, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving. The project construction period is one year after the implementation of energy saving of about 21,511 tons of standard coal equivalent, an annual operating cost savings of 18.39 million yuan, the project has good economic and social benefits.

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